Material and Methods: Forty three children older than 2 years old who had cataract extraction with primary intra ocular lens implantation (IOL) in the same session between 2008 and 2012 and followed up more than 1 year were reviewed retrospectively. Lensectomy and IOL implantation was performed in all eyes,where primary posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy was performed on some.The patients were evaluated for the long-term visual outcome and the surgical complications after cataract surgery.

Results: The mean age of the 43 patients (19 female/24 male) at the time of surgery was 83.6±52.4 (24-192 ) months.19 were unilateral and 24 were bilateral. Mean follow-up period was 24.16±19.94 months (12 months - 6 years).Posterior capsule was left intact in 25 eyes of 16 patients and the mean age of them was 9.56±3.56 months at the time of surgery.Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) occured in 11 of 25 (44%) children whose posterior capsules were left intact at surgery. Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was performed in all eyes with PCO under topical anesthesia. Final visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 50.7 percent. Most frequently encountered post-operative complications were posterior capsular opacification, pupillary irregularities, fibrinous reaction and pupillary membrane.

Conclusions: In congenital cataract patients undergoing primary IOL implantation,a good final visual prognosis depends on appropriate surgical technique, proper selection of IOL type and diopter, postoperative intense patient monitoring and management of complications and amblyopia. Keywords : Congenital cataract,primary intraocular lens implantation, complication