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¹Beyoğlu Göz Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Göz, İstanbul, Uzm. Dr.
²Bitlis Devlet Hastanesi, Göz Servisi, Bitlis, Uzm. Dr.
³Beyoğlu Göz Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Göz, İstanbul, Prof. Dr. Purpose: Retrospective analysis of complications and outcomes of phacoemulsification (phaco) surgery in hypermature, brunescent, and nigra (grade 5 and 6 according to LOCS classification) cataracts.
Materials and Methods: In our series 74 eyes of 74 patients with hypermature, brunescent, and nigra cataracts in Khartoum, Sudan, were included. All the operations were performed by experienced surgeons. Trypan blue was used in all of the cases in order to obtain a regular image of anterior capsulorhexis. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, surgical techniques, biomicroscopic findings, intraocular pressure, and complications were investigated.
Results: Peribulbar anesthesia was applied in 65 of the patients and topical anesthesia in 9. Band keratopathy was observed in 25 cases and corneal scarring in 10. Irregular anterior capsulorhexis was not found in any of the cases. Posterior capsule rupture occurred in 5 cases. Intravitreal nucleus drop did not occur in any of the cases. Corneal edema in different levels occurred in 49 patients. IOP increased in 12 cases and a fibrin reaction occurred in 11 cases. Phaco burn developed in 19 eyes. Visual acuity improved in 63 (85%) eyes but did not change in 11 (15%) eyes.
Conclusion: Extracapsular cataract surgery is the usual and preferred method for hypermature, brunescent, and nigra cataracts. With experienced surgeons, and appropriate phacoemulsification parameters and methods, satisfactory results can be achieved. Keywords : Hypermature, brunescent, nigra cataracts, phacoemulsification